The word "Christology" comes from two Greek words meaning "Christ / Messiah" and "word" - which combine to mean "the study of Christ." Christology is the study of the Person and work of Jesus Christ.

From the study of the old and new testament, it can be concluded that the Christology is addressed in the old testament as God prepares a throne, office and the people for the coming of the Messiah in the new testament. In this lesson, we shall study Christology as seen in the old testament.

1. Christ is being compared to old testament figures. The study of priestly, kingly and prophetic offices in the old testament is the preparation for the arrival of the King, Priest and Judge who is Jesus Christ. Several examples are given in the Old Testament that predict the offices of Jesus Christ in the New Testament. Jesus is Compared to Adam, Abraham, Moses, Elijah, Jonah, King Solomon, and David etc.
   1. I nfhupe;jpau; 15:22. MjhKf;Fs; vy;yhUk; kupf;fpwJNghy> fpwp];JTf;Fs; vy;yhUk; capu;g;gpf;fg;gLthu;fs;.
      For as in Adam all die, even so in Christ shall all be made alive.
   2. Nahthd; 8:56. cq;fs; gpjhthfpa Mgpufhk; vd;Dila ehisf; fhz MirahapUe;jhd;; fz;L fsp$u;e;jhd; vd;whu;.
      Your father Abraham rejoiced to see my day: and he saw it, and was glad.
   3. fyhj;jpau; 3:14. MgpufhKf;F cz;lhd MrPu;thjk; fpwp];J ,NaRtpdhy; Gw[hjpfSf;F tUk;gbahfTk;> Mtpiaf;Fwpj;Jr; nrhy;yg;gl;l thf;Fj;jj;jj;ij ehk; tpRthrj;jpdhNy ngWk;gbahfTk; ,g;gbahapw;W.
      That the blessing of Abraham might come on the Gentiles through Jesus Christ; that we might receive the promise of the Spirit through faith.
   4. Nahthd; 1:17. vg;gbnadpy; epahag;gpukhzk; NkhNrapd; %ykha;f; nfhLf;fg;gl;lJ> fpUigAk; rj;jpaKk; ,NaRfpwp];Jtpd; %ykha; cz;lhapd.
      For the law was given by Moses, but grace and truth came by Jesus Christ.
   5. kj;NjA 17:3. mg;nghOJ NkhNrAk;> vypahTk; mtNuhNl NgRfpwtu;fshf mtu;fSf;Ff; fhzg;gl;lhu;fs;.
      And, behold, there appeared unto them Moses and Elias talking with him.
   6. Y}f;fh 11:29. [dq;fs; jpusha;f; $bte;jpUf;fpwnghOJ mtu;: ,e;jr; re;jjpahu; nghy;yhjtu;fshapUf;fpwhu;fs;> milahsj;ijj; NjLfpwhu;fs;; MdhYk; Nahdh jPu;f;fjuprpapd; milahsNkad;wp NtNw milahsk; ,tu;fSf;Ff; nfhLf;fg;gLtjpy;iy.
      And when the people were gathered thick together, he began to say, This is an evil generation: they seek a sign; and there shall no sign be given it, but the sign of Jonas the prophet.
   7. 30. Nahdh epdpNt gl;lzj;jhUf;F milahskhapUe;jJNghy> kD\FkhuDk; ,e;jr; re;jjpf;F milahskhapUg;ghu;.
      For as Jonas was a sign unto the Ninevites, so shall also the Son of man be to this generation.
   8. kj;NjA 12:42. njd;Njrj;J uh[];jpuP G+kpapd; vy;iyfspUe;J rhnyhNkhDila Qhdj;ijf; Nfl;f te;jhs;. ,Njh> rhnyhNkhdpYk; ngupatu; ,q;Nf ,Uf;fpwhu;. Mjyhy; epahaj;jPu;g;GehspNy me;j uh[];jpuP ,e;jr; re;jjpahNuhnlOe;J epd;W ,tu;fs;Nky; Fw;wQ;Rkj;Jths;.
      The queen of the south shall rise up in the judgment with this generation, and shall condemn it: for she came from the uttermost parts of the earth to hear the wisdom of Solomon; and, behold, a greater than Solomon is here.

1. Jesus unequivocally says that He is the Christ (Anointed One).
   1. khw;F 8:29. mg;nghOJ mtu;: ePq;fs; vd;id ahnud;W nrhy;YfpwPu;fs; vd;W Nfl;lhu;. NgJU gpujpAj;jukhf: ePu; fpwp];J vd;whd;.
      And he saith unto them, But whom say ye that I am? And Peter answereth and saith unto him, Thou art the Christ.
2. During the final trial, Jesus unveils his Identity as the Christ and Son of God.
   1. khw;F 14:61. mtNuh xU cj;juTk; nrhy;yhky; NgrhjpUe;jhu;. kWgbAk; gpujhd Mrhupad; mtiu Nehf;fp: eP ];Njhj;jpupf;fg;gl;l NjtDila Fkhudhfpa fpwp];Jjhdh? vd;W Nfl;lhd;.
      But he held his peace, and answered nothing. Again the high priest asked him, and said unto him, Art thou the Christ, the Son of the Blessed?
   2. 62. mjw;F ,NaR: ehd; mtu;jhd;; kD\Fkhud; ru;t ty;ytupd; tyJ ghuprj;jpy; tPw;wpUg;gijAk;> thdj;jpd; Nkfq;fs;Nky; tUtijAk; ePq;fs; fhz;gPu;fs; vd;whu;.
      And Jesus said, I am: and ye shall see the Son of man sitting on the right hand of power, and coming in the clouds of heaven.
3. Jesus� title on the Cross proclaimed Him as the King of the Jews(Anointed King). This title was predicted in the Old Testament, when David was crowned as King, after He was anointed by Prophet Samuel.
   1. khw;F 15:26. mtu; mile;j Mf;fpidapd; Kfhe;juj;ijf; fhz;gpf;Fk; nghUl;L> A+jUila uh[h vd;W vOjp> rpYitapd; Nky; fl;bdhu;fs;.
      And the superscription of his accusation was written over, THE KING OF THE JEWS.
4. The coming of the Son of Man was already foretold in the Old Testament through many of the prophets of the Old Testament. All the messianic prophecies becomes fulfilled in Jesus Christ. Thus we can say that Christology begins in the Old Testament.
   1. mg;Ngh];jyu; 3:18. fpwp];J ghLglNtz;Lnkd;W Njtd; jk;Kila jPu;f;fjuprpfnsy;yhUila thf;fpYk; Kd;dwptpj;jitfis ,t;tpjkha; epiwNtw;wpdhu;.
      But those things, which God before had showed by the mouth of all his prophets, that Christ should suffer, he hath so fulfilled.
   2. 19. MdgbapdhNy fu;j;jUila re;epjhdj;jpypUe;J ,isg;ghWjypd; fhyq;fs; tUk;gbf;Fk;> Kd;Nd Fwpf;fg;gl;l ,NaRfpwp];Jit mtu; cq;fsplj;jpy; mDg;Gk;gbf;Fk;>
      Repent ye therefore, and be converted, that your sins may be blotted out, when the times of refreshing shall come from the presence of the Lord;
   3. 20. cq;fs; ghtq;fs; eptpu;j;jpnra;ag;gLk;nghUl;L ePq;fs; kde;jpUk;gpf; Fzg;gLq;fs;.
      And he shall send Jesus Christ, which before was preached unto you:

1. Jesus is spoken of as the lowly (humble and meek) king in the old testament.
   1. rfupah 9:9. rPNahd; Fkhuj;jpNa> kpfTk; fsp$U; vUrNyk; Fkhuj;jpNa> nfk;gPup; ,Njh> cd; uh[h cd;dplj;jpy; tUfpwhu;; mtu; ePjpAs;stUk; ,ul;rpf;fpwtUk; jho;ikAs;stUk;> fOijapd;NkYk; fOijf;Fl;bahfpa kwpapd;NkYk; VwptUfpwtUkhapUf;fpwhu;.
      Rejoice greatly, O daughter of Zion; shout, O daughter of Jerusalem: behold, thy King cometh unto thee: he is just, and having salvation; lowly, and riding upon a donkey, and upon a colt the foal of a donkey.
2. Jesus is spoken of as the Son of Man enthroned in divine splendor in the Old Testament. Daniel sees the Son of Man, in a vision and Daniel was asked to write down the vision that would become fulfilled in Jesus Christ. Jesus is seen in the Old Testament as the Son of God, who is enthroned at the right hand of God, as the mediator and judge of the world (Walker, 2012, p.96).
   1. jhdpNay; 7:13. ,uhj;juprdq;fspNy ehd; ghu;j;Jf;nfhz;bUf;ifapy;> ,Njh> kD\FkhuDila rhayhd xUtu; thdj;J Nkfq;fSlNd te;jhu;; mtu; ePz;l MARs;stu; ,lkl;Lk; te;J> mtu; rkPgj;jpy; nfhz;Ltug;gl;lhu;.
      I saw in the night visions, and, behold, one like the Son of man came with the clouds of heaven, and came to the Ancient of days, and they brought him near before him.
   2. 14. rfy [dq;fSk; [hjpahUk;> ghi\f;fhuUk; mtiuNa Nrtpf;Fk;gb> mtUf;Ff; fu;j;jj;JtKk; kfpikAk; uh[uPfKk; nfhLf;fg;gl;lJ; mtUila fu;j;jj;Jtk; ePq;fhj epj;jpa fu;j;jj;JtKk; mtUila uh[;ak; mopahjJkhapUf;Fk;.
      And there was given him dominion, and glory, and a kingdom, that all people, nations, and languages, should serve him: his dominion is an everlasting dominion, which shall not pass away, and his kingdom that which shall not be destroyed.

1. The concept of Son of God was developed in the Old Testament, as God speaks to King David, of the firstborn, who will be higher than all the kings of the earth.
   1. rq;fPjk; 89:26. mtd; vd;id Nehf;fp: ePu; vd; gpjh> vd; Njtd;> vd; ,ul;rpg;gpd; fd;kiynad;W nrhy;Ythd;.
      He shall cry unto me, Thou art my father, my God, and the rock of my salvation.
   2. 27. ehd; mtid vdf;F Kjw;NgwhdtDk;> G+kpapd; uh[hf;fisg; ghu;f;fpYk; kfh cau;e;jtDkhf;FNtd;.
      Also I will make him my firstborn, higher than the kings of the earth.
2. Jesus was often referred to Son of David (Son of Man), in the new testament.
   1. Y}f;fh 18:35. gpd;G mtu; vupNfhTf;Fr; rkPgkha; tUk;NghJ> xU FUld; topaUNf cl;fhu;e;J gpr;irNfl;Lf;nfhz;bUe;jhd;.
      And it came to pass, that as he was come nigh unto Jericho, a certain blind man sat by the way side begging:
   2. 36. [dq;fs; elf;fpw rj;jj;ij mtd; Nfl;L> ,njd;d vd;W tprhupj;jhd;.
      And hearing the multitude pass by, he asked what it meant.
   3. 37. erNuadhfpa ,NaR Nghfpwhu; vd;W mtDf;F mwptpj;jhu;fs;. mg;nghOJ mtd; ,NaRNt> jhtPjpd; FkhuNd> vdf;F ,uq;Fk; vd;W $g;gpl;lhd;.
      And they told him, that Jesus of Nazareth passeth by.
   4. 38. Kd; elg;gtu;fs; mtd; NgrhkypUf;Fk;gb mtid mjl;bdhu;fs;. mtNdh: jhtPjpd; FkhuNd> vdf;F ,uq;Fk; vd;W kpfTk; mjpfkha;f; $g;gpl;lhd;.
      And he cried, saying, Jesus, thou son of David, have mercy on me.
3. God was getting ready the concept of �Son of man�, for the first time, in the book of Ezekiel. Truly the Son of Man (Jesus) is the one who will truly resurrect the dead to eternal life.
   1. vNrf;fpNay; 37:3. mtu; vd;id Nehf;fp: kDGj;jpuNd> ,e;j vYk;Gfs; capuilAkh vd;W Nfl;lhu;; mjw;F ehd;: fu;j;juhfpa Mz;ltNu> NjtuPu; mij mwptPu; vd;Nwd;.
      And he said unto me, Son of man, can these bones live? And I answered, O Lord GOD, thou knowest.

1. After the collapse of Davidic rule, God rejected the house of Judah but promises another Wonderful Counselor, Mighty God, Everlasting Father and Prince of Peace, who is better than the mere King.
   1. Vrhah 9:6. ekf;F xU ghyfd; gpwe;jhu;; ekf;F xU Fkhud; nfhLf;fg;gl;lhu;; fu;j;jj;Jtk; mtu; Njhspd;NkypUf;Fk;; mtu; ehkk; mjprakhdtu;> MNyhridf; fu;j;jh> ty;yikAs;s Njtd;> epj;jpa gpjh> rkhjhdg;gpuG vd;dg;gLk;.
      For unto us a child is born, unto us a son is given: and the government shall be upon his shoulder: and his name shall be called Wonderful, Counsellor, The mighty God, The everlasting Father, The Prince of Peace.
   2. 7. jhtPjpd; rpq;fhrdj;ijAk; mtDila uh[;aj;ijAk; mtu; jplg;gLj;jp mij ,JKjw;nfhz;L vd;nwd;iwf;Fk; epahaj;jpYk; ePjpapdhYk; epiyg;gLj;Jk;gbf;F> mtUila fu;j;jj;Jtj;jpd; ngUf;fj;Jf;Fk;> mjpd; rkhjhdj;Jf;Fk; Kbtpy;iy; Nridfspd; fu;j;jUila ituhf;fpak; ,ijr; nra;Ak;.
      Of the increase of his government and peace there shall be no end, upon the throne of David, and upon his kingdom, to order it, and to establish it with judgment and with justice from henceforth even for ever. The zeal of the LORD of hosts will perform this.

1. The concept of the coming of Messiah gets deepened during the post-exilic period.
   1. rfupah 9:9. rPNahd; Fkhuj;jpNa> kpfTk; fsp$U; vUrNyk; Fkhuj;jpNa> nfk;gPup; ,Njh> cd; uh[h cd;dplj;jpy; tUfpwhu;; mtu; ePjpAs;stUk; ,ul;rpf;fpwtUk; jho;ikAs;stUk;> fOijapd;NkYk; fOijf;Fl;bahfpa kwpapd;NkYk; VwptUfpwtUkhapUf;fpwhu;.
      Rejoice greatly, O daughter of Zion; shout, O daughter of Jerusalem: behold, thy King cometh unto thee: he is just, and having salvation; lowly, and riding upon a donkey, and upon a colt the foal of a donkey.
2. During the post-exilic period, God promises King, who loves to dwell amidst His people.
   1. nrg;gdpah 3:14. rPNahd; Fkhuj;jpNa> nfk;gPupj;Jg;ghL; ,];uNtyNu> Mu;g;gupAq;fs;; vUrNyk; Fkhuj;jpNa> eP KO,Ujaj;NjhLk; kfpo;e;J fsp$U.
      Sing, O daughter of Zion; shout, O Israel; be glad and rejoice with all the heart, O daughter of Jerusalem.
   2. 15. fu;j;ju; cd; Mf;fpidfis mfw;wp> cd; rj;JUf;fis tpyf;fpdhu;; ,];uNtypd; uh[hthfpa fu;j;ju; cd; eLtpNy ,Uf;fpwhu;; ,dpj; jPq;iff; fhzhjpUg;gha;.
      The LORD hath taken away thy judgments, he hath cast out thine enemy: the king of Israel, even the LORD, is in the midst of thee: thou shalt not see evil any more.

1. Jesus should not be construed as mere Son of Man. He is the pre-existent Son of God who became flesh (Immanuel) as promised in Isaiah.
   1. Vrhah 7:14. Mjyhy; Mz;ltu; jhNk cq;fSf;F xU milahsj;ijf; nfhLg;ghu;; ,Njh> xU fd;dpif fu;g;gtjpahfp xU Fkhuidg; ngWths;> mtUf;F ,k;khDNty; vd;W NgupLths;.
      Therefore the Lord himself shall give you a sign; Behold, a virgin shall conceive, and bear a son, and shall call his name Immanuel.
2. Marks begins the gospel, declaring Jesus as the Son of God
   1. khw;F 1:1. NjtDila Fkhudhfpa ,NaR fpwp];JtpDila RtpNr\j;jpd; Muk;gk;.
      The beginning of the gospel of Jesus Christ, the Son of God;
   2. 2. ,Njh> ehd; vd; J}jid ckf;F Kd;ghf mDg;GfpNwd;> mtd; ckf;F Kd;Nd Ngha;> ckf;F topia Maj;jk;gz;Zthd; vd;Wk;;
      As it is written in the prophets, Behold, I send my messenger before thy face, which shall prepare thy way before thee.
3. John begins the gospel, declaring Jesus as the Son of God (the Word that was God, but later became flesh)
   1. Nahthd; 1:1. MjpapNy thu;j;ij ,Ue;jJ> me;j thu;j;ij Njtdplj;jpypUe;jJ> me;j thu;j;ij NjtdhapUe;jJ.
      In the beginning was the Word, and the Word was with God, and the Word was God.
   2. 2. mtu; MjpapNy NjtNdhbUe;jhu;.
      The same was in the beginning with God.
   3. 3. rfyKk; mtu; %ykha; cz;lhapw;W; cz;lhdnjhd;Wk; mtuhNyay;yhky; cz;lhftpy;iy.
      All things were made by him; and without him was not any thing made that was made.
   4. 14. me;j thu;j;ij khk;rkhfp> fpUigapdhYk; rj;jpaj;jpdhYk; epiwe;jtuha;> ekf;Fs;Ns thrk;gz;zpdhu;; mtUila kfpikiaf; fz;Nlhk;; mJ gpjhTf;F xNu NgwhdtUila kfpikf;F Vw;w kfpikahfNt ,Ue;jJ.
      And the Word was made flesh, and dwelt among us, (and we beheld his glory, the glory as of the only begotten of the Father,) full of grace and truth.